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The Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology IEE has developed an underwater energy storage system that transfers the principle of pumped storage power plants to the seabed. After a successful field test with a smaller model in Lake Constance, the researchers are now preparing a test run off the Californian coast with partners: In the "StEnSea" project, they will anchor a hollow, 400-ton concrete sphere with a diameter of nine meters at a depth of 500 to 600 meters. By emptying the sphere, the storage is charged. When water flows in, electricity is generated – it is discharged. The power of this prototype is 0.5 megawatts, the capacity 0.4 megawatt-hours.

The Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology IEE in Kassel has a new leader: Prof. Dr. Martin Braun is taking over as the new director of the research institute on November 1, 2024. He is also a professor for sustainable electrical energy systems at the University of Kassel.

A new study from the Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology IEE has analysed the economic effects on the European energy system of introducing offshore hydrogen production. The study considers the expansion of the German 70 GW buildout target of offshore wind and examines the economic effects by allowing offshore hydrogen production on two energy islands connected with 10 GW offshore wind each, compared to a scenario where all electricity from offshore wind farms is transported to shore and can be used within the German energy market without further restrictions.

As part of the "Modular, regenerative and self-sufficient energy supply with H2 technology" (MarrakEsH) project, funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Protection (BMWK), six partners from research and industry are working on the development and practical testing of new technologies for self-sufficient energy generation and storage using green hydrogen. The project will take place from October 2023 to September 2026.

The SecDER project has developed a new type of protection system that automatically protects virtual power plants with decentralized energy systems against outages. The system uses artificial intelligence to detect cyberattacks and faults. Unlike conventional systems on the market, the new system only works with data from communication between the systems in virtual power plants. Precise knowledge of the energy systems and their measured variables is not necessary. This means that the solution is independent of proprietary system technology and can be used regardless of the manufacturer. The prototype solution realized in the project is now to be further developed together with the energy industry.

It is not always possible to install as much capacity on designated wind energy areas as originally assumed. As part of the joint project, MENTOR, the Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology IEE is in the process of developing models and methods that show how local restrictions affect the wind energy outputs and yields that can be realized in each case. This makes it possible to better assess the usability of existing and planned areas along with better estimating repowering potential. Fraunhofer IEE is working on MENTOR together with the German Wind and Solar Energy Agency, the University of Kassel, and the Federal Environment Agency.

Whether grid control and planning, the operational management of photovoltaic systems and storage facilities or their design: These and other tasks require load time series that map the increasingly dynamic consumption of many households far more accurately than standard load profiles. The Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology IEE and its partners in the SyLas-KI research project have therefore developed an AI-supported tool that can be used to create high-resolution synthetic load time series for numerous different consumers. They are indistinguishable from real measurement data in terms of their characteristics but meet all data protection requirements.

Heat pumps are considered an important building block for the heating system of a decarbonized future, as they heat and cool efficiently with electricity. They are particularly useful in an energy system based on renewable energies, as their consumption is easy to plan and the heat can be stored. This allows the heating system to react flexibly to energy generation from the sun and wind and thus support the power grid. This is the result of a transnational research project of the International Energy Agency (IEA). The Fraunhofer Institutes IEE (Kassel) and ISE (Freiburg) were involved from Germany.

Germany is essentially sitting on a huge treasure trove of unused capacity when it comes to the grid connection of renewable power plants. This is shown by the study on the joint use of grid connection points carried out by the German Renewable Energy Federation BEE together with the Fraunhofer Institute for Energy Economics and Energy System Technology IEE.

Offshore wind farms with zero-cent subsidy bids and post-EEG wind turbines must generate their income solely from the electricity market. This requires forward-looking operating strategies that take into account not only market prices but also the expected wear and tear on the turbines the next day. The Fraunhofer IEE is now working with the companies MesH Engineering and anemos Gesellschaft für Umweltmeteorologie on the BMWK-funded OTELLO project to develop new tools that can be used to optimize schedules for wind farms. Among other things, the experts are integrating short-term forecasts of turbulence intensity - the key factor for turbine wear and tear.